Paradox ahụike nke Nicotine: Njikwa ihe ize ndụ na ngwa mbelata mmerụ ahụ sitere na echiche sayensị --Ntụgharị ọhụrụ nke njikwa nicotine dabere na ọgwụ dabere na ihe akaebe.
1, The mkpa nwughari nke ike aka
Echiche ahụike ọdịnala na-ewere nicotine dị ka ihe na-emerụ ahụ nke ukwuu, mana nyocha ahụike ọgbara ọhụrụ na-ekpughe ọdịdị ya abụọ:
●Uru nchịkwa akwaraNicotine dị ala (
●Mmetụta nhazi usoro metabolicNicotine na-abawanye ọnụego metabolic basal site na 3-5% site na ụzọ akara AMPK, na-enyere aka na njikwa oke ibu (na njikwa usoro ọgwụgwọ siri ike)
●Ọrịa ọrịa ParkinsonNlekọta transdermal ezubere iche na-abawanye bioavailability nke levodopa site na 42% ma na-ebelata oge enyemaka nke mgbaàmà ịma jijiji (EMA nkwado ụlọ ọgwụ pụrụ iche NCT05248711)
●Ntụgharị isi: Na 2024, WHO Nicotine Product Management Guidelines gụnyere "Medical Nicotine Delivery Systems" (MNDS) maka oge mbụ na ndepụta ọgwụgwọ adjuvant.
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2, Ụzọ Injinia nke nkwalite ahụike
1. Usoro nnyefe ọgwụ ziri ezi
| teknuzu akụkụ | Usoro nkwalite ahụike | Data nkwado ụlọ ọgwụ |
| Teknụzụ na-ahapụ ngwa ngwa mucosal | Mgbanwe mkpokọta ọgwụ Nicotine n'ọbara belatara site na 68% | Ndekọ mgbakasị obi obi belatara site na 41% |
| PH na-anabata akpụkpọ ahụ | Nkwụsị akpaaka nke ntọhapụ na gburugburu mkpali | Ọrịa ọnya ọnụ agbadala ruo 2.3% |
| mgbawa biofeedback | Nleba anya n'ezie maka ọkwa cortisol salivary | Ịrụ ọrụ njikwa nchekasị abawanyela site na 79% |
2. Ihe mgbochi mgbochi na-eri ahụ
● Teknụzụ mgbagwoju anya onye na-anabata ihe: Nicotine molecule na-ejikọta na kappa opioid receptor inhibitors, na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ riri ahụ site na 7.2% ruo 1.8% (US Patent US2024172832)
●Algọridim itinye aka na omume: Site na iji nnukwu data ugboro ugboro iji zụọ ụdị AI, buru amụma mwepụta ụbọchị 14 tupu oge ma mezie usoro ntọhapụ
3. gburugburu ebe obibi nlekọta ahụike
● Iwunke Oral Microenvironment: Mgbakwunye nke Lactobacillus LC-Zpp19 strain na-ebelata ịba ụba nke nje bacteria site na 67% (Nchọpụta Ọgwụ Oral, 2024)
● Netwọk nlekota metabolismIhe mmetụta glucose oxidase agbakwunyere, na-enweta 91% uche nke nyocha tupu ọrịa shuga
3, Breakthrough ngwa na-adakarị ntọala
1. Ntinye aka maka ọrịa uche
● ọgwụgwọ adjuvantmaka ịda mbà n'obi:Nchikota ọgwụgwọ Nicotine bupropion mebere Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) akara site na 38% (tụnyere 22% na monotherapy)
● Nlekọta ọrịa Alzheimer:Mbufe nicotine hippocampal ezubere iche na-ebelata mbelata ọgụgụ isi site na nkeji 0.7 MMSE kwa afọ
2. Njikwa mgbu na-adịghị ala ala
●Fibromyalgia ọrịa:Nlekọta transmucosal na-ebelata usoro onunu ogwu nke pregabalin site na 54% ma wedata nsonaazụ mmetụta afọ site na 39% ruo 8%
● Nlekọta mgbu cancer:Mgbe ejikọtara ya na fentanyl patches, ugboro ole nke ihe mgbu na-ebelata site na ugboro 2.7 kwa ụbọchị (akara mgbu NRS belatara site na 3.2 isi).
3. Nchekwa ahụike ọha
● Ngwá ọrụ mgbanwemaka ịkwụsị ise siga:Nnyocha otu mmadụ 100000 mere na London gosiri na nicotine ọkwa ahụike mụbara ọnụ ọgụgụ ịga nke ọma nke ịkwụsị ise siga site na 61% mgbe ọnwa 6 gachara (NRT ọdịnala bụ 34%).
●Mgbochi ọrịa na-efe efena njikwa:Nkwadebe ọnụ nke nwere lysozyme nwere ike ibelata ibu nje na-eku ume site na nkeji logarithmic 3-4 (data preprint Lancet)
4. Iwu Iron na oke mgbanwe ahụike
1. Dose toxicity curve
●Mpaghara uru ahụike: 0.5-2mg nicotine kwa dose (na-eme ka ndị nnabata bara uru)
●Ọnụ ụzọ ihe ize ndụ: 4mg/oge (na-akpalite oke ịgbalite nke subunit A7)
●Mpaghara ihe egwu zuru oke:> 6mg / oge (ihe egwu nke akpụkpọ anụ mitochondrial nwere ike ịdaba)
(Ebe data: Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Harvard Medical School)
2. Matrix mmegharị nke onwe onye
| genotype | Atụmatụ ọdabara | Ịdọ aka ná ntị Taboo |
| CYP2A6 ụdị metabolism ngwa ngwa | Usoro ntọhapụ Ultra kwadoro (mwepụta awa 72) | Machibido iji ngwaahịa ntọhapụ ngwa ngwa |
| Ụdị mutant CHRNA4 | agonist alfa 4 ezubere iche | Machibidoro β2 nhazi nhazi |
3. Usoro ọrụ ụkpụrụ omume
● Usoro mkpọchi atọ:Nnwale nyocha ahụike → koodu ndenye dọkịta → Mkpọghe biometric
●sekit usoro mmebi:Kwụsị ọrụ ike mgbe mgbanwe na-adịghị mma na data ahụike mpaghara gafere 15%
5, niche ahụike ahụike n'ọdịnihu
●Nkwadebe ọnụ, dị ka "ọnụahịa ahụike nke onwe," na-anakọta ihe ngosi physiological 23 kwa ụbọchị
●Tinye n'ime akwụkwọ ndekọ ego mkpuchi mkpuchi ahụike nke mba wee bụrụ akụrụngwa nlekọta ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala
●Imepụta ụlọ ọrụ asambodo 47 MNDS n'ụwa niile iji zụọ ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ nicotine
Mmechi: The Medical Revolution Dancing on the Blade
Uru ahụike nke nicotine dị ka mma ịwa ahụ nke ọma - n'okpuru njikwa usoro ihe omimi nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na echiche ahụike usoro, a na-agbanwe ihe na-eri ahụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ngwa njikwa ahụike. Mgbanwe a na-achọ ka anyị guzobe usoro nchịkwa siri ike karịa ọgwụ ọdịnala, dị ka Nobel Laureate Motosuke kwuru, sị: "Mgbe nkà na ụzụ na-agbaji n'ọgba aghara nke ụkpụrụ physiological, ụkpụrụ omume aghaghị ịghọ ụkpụrụ mbụ nke mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ.