Mafambiro Akaita Sweden Muyero Wakaderera Wokusvuta Munyika

Kunyange nyika zhinji dzichiri kurwisana nekudzora fodya, Sweden yakaita chinyararire chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa:

Nhamba yekuputa pakati pevarume veSweden iri pasi pe10% - yakaderera pasi rose.
Uye kupfuura izvozvo:
Varume veSweden zvakare vane huwandu hwakaderera hwekenza yemapapu muEurope.

Izvi hazviiti nekuti maSweden "ane hutano chaihwo," kana nekuti hurumende inomanikidza kurambidza kwakasimba.
Panzvimbo iyoyo, kubudirira kweSweden kunobva kune yakawedzera pragmatic, yakawedzera hunyanzvi zano:

👉 Shanduka kubva pakupisa kuenda kukusaputa, kubva pakubvisa kuenda kune imwe.

Ngatiparadze nei Sweden yakava nhamba imwe.

 

1. Kwete "Kurambidza Kubudirira" - A Substitution Revolution

Vazhinji vanofungidzira kuti mwero wakaderera wekuputa muSweden imhaka yekudzora kwakasimba kwefodya.
Muchokwadi:

· Midzanga haina kunyanya kuoma kutenga

· Mutero wefodya hausi wepamusoro

• Zvirambidzo zvekusvuta paruzhinji hazvina kuomesesa kupfuura muUK kana Ireland

Saka chii chinotsanangura mhedzisiro inoshamisa yeSweden?

Pane mhinduro imwe chete:

Fodya yemumuromo (Snus) yakatsiva kusvuta.

Sweden ine zana-yakareba Snus tsika.
Mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura, vaSweden vakawanda—kunyanya varume—vakasiya fodya inopisaku chikakananda chisingasvuti.

Nei izvi zvine basa?

Nekuti njodzi dzehutano dzekusvuta dzinobva zvakanyanya kubva makemikari anogadzirwa panguva yekupisa,
kwete kubva nicotine pachayo.

Apo mamiriyoni anochinja kubva pa“kubatidza mudzanga” kuenda ku“kuisa chikafu chechikakananda pasi pomuromo,”
kuratidzwa kwavo kunoderera zvakanyanya.

 

2. Muono Wakakosha: Sweden Yakadzivisa Chikamu Chine Ngozi Yakanyanya

Ngatijekese izvi:

🔍 Kukuvadza kubva mukuputa ≠ kukuvadzwa nechikakananda
🔍 Kukuvara kubva mukuputa = kupisa + utsi + tara + makemikari ane chepfu

Kusiyana neizvi, fodya yemumuromo nehomwe yechikakananda yemazuva ano:

· Usatsva

· Usagadzira hutsi

· Kusagadzira tara

· Usaburitse carbon monoxide

Mune mamwe mazwi, vashandisi veSweden nicotine vanosvetuka danho rinourayazvachose.

Ichi ndicho chikonzero kenza yemapapu uye chirwere chemwoyo chinoramba chiri pasi pemavhareji eEurope.

Public Health England yakasvika pamhedziso imwechete:
Alternative nicotine zvigadzirwa zvinotakura chikamu chenjodziyefodya yakatsva.

 

3. Policy Design: Kwete Simba, asi Strategic

Sweden haina kurayira zvine hukasha kutsiva.
Pane kudaro, hurumende yakaita zvinhu zvitatu zvisinganyatsooneki asi zvine simba:

1) Mafungiro esainzi - hapana dhimoni

Sweden haina kuratidzira fodya yokunwa seine ngozi kana kuti inorambidzwa.
Yakadzivisa kutumira mameseji ekutya se "zvinokuvadza kupfuura midzanga."

Zvakaguma nei?
Vatengi vakanzwa vakachengeteka kuedza dzimwe nzira-uye vakaramba vari nazvo.

2) Mutemo wakajeka uye wakajeka

· Defined nicotine content ranges

· Hutsanana uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira

· Full ingredient kuburitswa

Kujeka kunovaka kuvimba, uye kuvimba kunofambisa kurerwa.

3) Mutero wakangwara - kuita dzimwe nzira dzinofadza

Mutero wezvinhu zvisingasvuti wakaramba wakaderera pane wefodya.

Izvi zvinowanzoita kuti vatengi vafunge:

🧠 "Kana isingakuvadzi uye yakachipa, wadii kuchinja?"

Kutsiva kunoitika chinyararire, zvakadzikama, uye zvinobudirira.

 

4. Tsika Adoption: Snus Yakave Chikamu cheDay Life

Kushandiswa kweSnus muSweden kunodarika 20%, kunyanya pakati pevarume.
Mumaindasitiri mazhinji, zvave zvakakurumbira:

· Kuvaka

· Kutakura uye marori

· Varume vezera rekuyunivhesiti

· Vashandi vemuhofisi

· Husiku-shift uye inotenderera-inoshandura vashandi

Izvi hazvifambiswe nekushambadzira kwekambani-
itsika yetsika yakaumbwa kwemakumi emakore.

Apo kusava neutsi kunova kwakakurumbira, kusvuta kunowanzova kwakaderera.

 

5. Migumisiro Yehutano Inoyerwa - Yakajeka uye Inopindirana

Mhedzisiro yehutano hweveruzhinji yeSweden haina kujeka:

1) Kusvuta kwechirume kwakaderera muEurope

Pasi pe10%.

2) Mwero wakaderera wekenza yemapapu

Mhedzisiro yakananga yekuderedzwa kweutsi.

3) Kunyanya kuderera kweutsi hwechipiri-ruoko

Dzimba, nzvimbo dzebasa, nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji hadziwanzobata nekukakavadzana kwehutsi.

Aya haasi masirogani — idata reruzhinji renguva refu.

 

6. Izvo Nyika Inogona Kudzidza Kubva kuSweden

Kubudirira kweSweden hakusi kwemitemo yakaoma.
Zviri maererano nekunzwisisa maitiro evanhu uye kuderedza njodzi chaidzo:

✔ Kurega kusvuta kwakaoma — kuchinja kuri nyore.
✔ Kuderedza kukuvadza kunokosha kupfuura kumanikidza kurega.
✔ Sainzi-based regulation inoshanda zvirinani pane kurambidzwa chaiko.

Sweden haisi kusimudzira nicotine.
Icho chiri kuderedza chikamu chine ngozi zvikuru chekusvuta: kupisa.

Iyi inzira yemazuva ano, yechokwadi kuhutano hweveruzhinji—
isina kukwana, asi yakavakirwa pachokwadi chemunhu.

 

Mhedziso: Sweden Haisi Chishamiso - Isarudzo

Rekodhi rekodhi-yakaderera kuputa mwero unotevera akareruka, ane musoro cheni:

Kusvuta zvishoma → Dzimwe nzira → Dzikisa mutoro wezvirwere

Haibati vanoputa sedambudziko.
Zvinorapa kupisasedambudziko.
Hazvivimbi nekurambidzwa kwakanyanya-
inopa sarudzo dziri nani.

Iyi inononoka, yakapfava, nzira ine musoro
zvinogona kutora nguva yakareba,
asi kushanda kwayo kwakadzika uye kunogara kwenguva refu.