Uhlalutyo lweempembelelo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso e-US ekuthunyelweni kwecuba lomlomo kumazwe angaphandle
Umgaqo-nkqubo wokunyuswa kwamaxabiso e-US unempembelelo ebalulekileyo kurhwebo lwecuba lomlomo lwehlabathi jikelele. Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya ngokunzulu impembelelo yolu tshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo ukusuka kumacala amathathu: indawo yemarike, impendulo yenkampani kunye neendlela zoshishino.
1. Utshintsho kwindawo yemarike
Iindleko zeRhafu zonyuke kakhulu. I-United States inyanzelise i-25% yerhafu kwiimveliso zecuba zomlomo zaseTshayina, ezikhokelele ngokuthe ngqo ekunyukeni kwe-30% -40% kwixabiso lemveliso. Isabelo semarike sicudisiwe. Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJuni ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwecuba lomlomo laseTshayina e-United States kwehle nge-45.3% unyaka nonyaka. Imeko yokhuphiswano itshintshile. Abavelisi baseMzantsi-mpuma Asia bahluthe isabelo semarike kunye neenzuzo zerhafu. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Malaysia e-United States kunyuke nge-62.5% unyaka nonyaka.
2. Izicwangciso zobuchule bokusabela kwishishini
Uhlengahlengiso lwekhonkco lonikezelo lube lukhetho olungenakuthintelwa. Amanye amashishini adlulisele iziseko zawo zemveliso kumazwe ase-ASEAN afana neVietnam kunye ne-Indonesia ukuze athathe inzuzo kwiirhafu ezikhethekileyo zeRegional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Ukulungiswa kolwakhiwo lwemveliso kuyafuneka. Amashishini alunyusile utyalo-mali lwawo kuphando nophuhliso lweemveliso zexabiso eliphezulu, kwaye umlinganiselo weemveliso ezintsha zengxowa yenikotini unyuke waya kuma-35%. Uyilo lolwahlulo lwemarike luye lwakhawuleza, kwaye amashishini andise iinzame zawo zokuphonononga iimarike ezikhulayo ezifana ne-EU kunye noMbindi Mpuma. Ukuthengiswa kwimarike yaseYurophu kunyuke nge-28.6% unyaka nonyaka.
3. Iindlela zophuhliso lweshishini
Ukwandisa utyalo-mali kubuchule obutsha bobugcisa, utyalo-mali lwe-R&D yoshishino kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023 lonyuke ngama-40.2% unyaka nonyaka, kugxilwe kwimpumelelo kubuchwepheshe obutsha bokulungiselela ityuwa yenikotini. Imigangatho yomgangatho iyaqhubeka ukuphucuka, iinkampani ngokubanzi ziseka iinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho we-ISO9001, kwaye iimveliso ziphumelela iziqinisekiso zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-FDA kunye ne-PMTA. Ulwakhiwo ngokutsha lwekhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi luyakhawuleza, lwenza ipateni entsha "yehlabathi jikelele lezinto ezibonakalayo, imveliso yengingqi, kunye nokuthengiswa kwasekhaya".
Nangona umgaqo-nkqubo wokunyuswa kwamaxabiso e-US unempembelelo ekuthengisweni kwecuba lomlomo lase-China kwixeshana elifutshane, kukwanyanzelise ishishini ukuba litshintshe kwaye liphucule. Iinkampani kufuneka zilungelelanise amaqhinga azo kwaye ziphucule ukukhuphisana kwazo namazwe ngamazwe ngemilinganiselo efana nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukwahluka kweemarike kunye nokwandisa ikhonkco lokubonelela. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kuya kuqhuba ishishini lomdiza waseTshayina ekuphuhliseni umgangatho ophezulu kwaye libe kwindawo enenzuzo ngakumbi kurhwebo lwehlabathi.