I-ZYN 101: Yintoni omawuyazi malunga nokuSetyenziswa kwecuba elikhulu lamva nje

Ngokuhla kwecuba ngenxa yemigudu yezempilo kawonke-wonke enempumelelo, ishishini lecuba liye lafuna iindlela ezintsha zokuludibanisa nolutsha. Nangonaiimveliso zecuba ezingenamsisele ikwimarike iminyaka, iipowutshi ezintsha “ezingenamsi nezingenamathe” zenicotine ziqala ukufumana ukuthandwa ngenxa yokunyuswa kwemidiya yoluntu. Ngokukodwa, uZyn, ongene emarikeni ngo-2014, ufumene ukuthandwa kweTikTok kwaye uluntu luqalisile ukuqaphela. Ngapha koko, olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba kukho ukonyuka kweepesenti ezingama-641 kwiintengiso zeemveliso phakathi kuka-2019 no-2022, kodwa yi-2.9% kuphela yabantu abadala baseMelika abakhe basebenzisa isingxobo senikotini. Oku kubonisa izinga elonyukayo nelothusayo lokusetyenziswa kolutsha. Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nezi mveliso kunye nokuba ziyingozi kangakanani.

I-Evolution yeeMveliso zeCuba ezingatshiyo

Izingxobo zenikotini lutshintsho lwamva nje lweemveliso ezingatshiyo. Isetyenziswa njengayesnus, isingxobo somlomo esingenamatheko esinegqabi lecuba elikrazukileyo, ngokubeka phakathi komlomo neentsini, ezi zingxobo ziqulethe umgubo wenikotine endaweni yegqabi lecuba. Ziza kwiincasa ezininzi kwaye ziyafumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla enicotine. Ziye zathengiswa njengenye indlela enomtsalane yokutshicela icuba kuba akukho mfuneko yokutshicela (njengecuba elihlafunwayo), kwaye iipowutshi azivelisi vumba, umsi okanye umphunga. Oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukufihla izingxobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwiindawo apho iimveliso zecuba zingenakusetyenziswa njengasesikolweni.

Ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezingenamsi, ezingenavumba, abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ezi zingxobo zenikotini yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kunecuba. Kodwa musani ukuqhatheka. Uphononongo lwango-2022 lweemveliso ezingama-44 zesingxobo senikotini zafumanisa ukuba iisampulu ezingama-26 zineekhemikhali ezibanga umhlaza kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezininzi ezinje: ammonia, chromium, formaldehyde, nickel, pH adjusters, kunye netyuwa yenikotini. Eyona nto ixhalabisayo, izingxobo zenikotini ziqulathe amanqanaba aphezulu enikotine ekhobokisa ngokumangalisayo kwaye iyingozi kubantu abancinci nangaluphi na uhlobo.

Izingxobo zeNikotini zifumana ukuNtuwa koLutsha

Imiyalezo yentengiso ithi ezi zingxobo zenikotini “zilungiselelwe abantu abaneminyaka engama-21+ ukubanceda bayeke ukusebenzisa icuba lemveli.” Nangona kunjalo, ayingomayeza avunywe yi-FDA, kwaye ngoku uphando lubonisa ukuba ukwanda okukhulu kwabasebenzisi kuphakathi kwabantu abancinci. Enyanisweni, kubantu abadala base-US abasebenzisa iipowutshi ze-nicotine ngoku, kuphela malunga ne-35% ababekhe batshaya i-cigarettes ngaphambili kwaye kwabo, kuphela i-10% yabanakho ukuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokutshintshela kwiingxowa ngokupheleleyo. Oku akukuyeki, oku kukutshintshela nje kwenye imveliso yecuba/nikotini ethengiswa lishishini lecuba ukugcina abathengi ubomi babo bonke.

Ukongeza, uninzi lwabantu abadala abasebenzisa i-nicotine pouches babeneminyaka engama-21-24, kodwa ngaphezulu kwekota yabantu abasebenzisa le mveliso ngoku bangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18-20. Izifundo zamva nje ezikhutshwe ngo-2023 zibonise ulutsha lwe-400,000 e-US oluxelwe ngoku usebenzisa iingxowa ze-nicotine, eziphindwe kabini ukusuka ku-2021. A malunga nentsingiselo kukuba iipowutshi ze-nicotine zikhobokisa kakhulu, i-73% yabantu abatsha abaye bazama izingxobo ze-nicotine zisazisebenzisa ngoku. Oku kunokubalelwa kwinto yokuba umsebenzisi oqhelekileyo usebenzisa i-½ inkonkxa ngosuku okanye iipowutshi zenikotini ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12. Kuxhomekeka kwisiqulatho senikotini esisesingxobeni esityiwayo, masithi i-6 mg yengxowa ye-Zyn, inikotini etyiweyo ingalingana nokutshaya malunga neepakethi ezi-3 zecuba okanye i-1 ½ ye-e-cigarette pods ye-2% yejusi yevape ngosuku.

Nangona kukho iibrendi ezininzi kwimarike, kubandakanya kwi-On! kunye noVelo, iZYN izuze eyona nto ilandelayo. Oku kunokuba ngumphumo we "Zynfluencers" abakhuthaza imveliso njengendlela elula yokufumana i-buzzed ekwakhuthaza ukugxila. Umzekelo, i-ZYN kaPhillip Morris ifikelele kwiimbono ezizizigidi ezingama-700 kwi-TikTok kuphela ukusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2024 ngoncedo lwe-ZYNfluencers-igama elenzelwe abaphembeleli beendaba zentlalo abakhuthaza i-ZYN.