Yiziphi izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo?

Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-e-cigarette kwentsha kuseyinkinga yezempilo yomphakathi I-10% yabafundi bezikole eziphakeme ababika ukusetshenziswa kwamanje ngo-2023, uhlobo oluhlukile lomkhiqizo we-nicotine onephunga elimnandi luya ngokuduma: izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo.

Njengoba ukubhema ugwayi kuncipha, izinkampani zikagwayi ziye zagxila emikhiqizweni kagwayi “engenantuthu,” kuhlanganise nezikhwama ze-nicotine eziphuzwayo. Izikhwama ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi "umcamelo wezindebe" noma "isitezi esiphezulu" ngenxa yokuthi zibekwe kuphi phakathi komlomo nezinsini, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kodebe olungaphezulu. Izikhwama zomlomo ze-nicotine zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo ne-snus - isikhwama somlomo esiqukethe iqabunga likagwayi eliqhekeziwe - kodwa ngokungafani ne-snus, ziqukethe impushana ye-nicotine esikhundleni seqabunga likagwayi. Izikhwama ze-Nicotine zine-nicotine eyingozi kubantu abasha nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Ngenxa yokungabikho kweqabunga likagwayi, i-Food and Drug Administration ayizifaki ezikhwameni ze-nicotine ngomlomo njengomkhiqizo kagwayi ongenantuthu.

Izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo zihlanganisa imikhiqizo efana ne-Zyn, On! kanye noVelo. Le mikhiqizo ithole ukuduma eminyakeni yamuva nje: ukuthengiswa sekukonke kwemikhiqizo yesikhwama se-nicotine kukhuphuke kusuka kumayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-126.06 kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuZibandlela wezi-2019 kuya kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-808.14 kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuNdasa wezi-2022. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yesikhwama se-nicotine equkethe ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-nicotine (8 mg) kwanda ngokushesha kunemikhiqizo enokugxila okuphansi kwe-nicotine (isb, 4 mg kanye ne-6 mg). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Altria ine kumenyezelwe kubatshalizimali bayo ukuthi izokwethula inguqulo entsha ye-On yayo! umkhiqizo wesikhwama se-nicotine onokugxiliswa okuphezulu kwe-nicotine kune-On yayo yamanje! imikhiqizo.

Izikhangiso zezikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo zigqamisa ukunambitheka futhi zigcizelela “inkululeko” yokusebenzisa izikhwama ze-nicotine noma yikuphi, ngokusho okusha. ucwaningo oluhlanganiswe yi-Truth Initiative. Izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zesikhwama se-nicotine zichithe cishe izigidi ezingama- $25 ezikhangisweni phakathi kukaJanuwari 2019 noSepthemba 2021.

Esikhathini esedlule, I-Truth Initiative ithumele izincomo zokuthi izinhlangano zikahulumeni eziqapha ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi zifake phakathi izinyathelo zezikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo ezinhlolovo zikazwelonke. Ngo-2022, i-CDC yafaka izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo kuzo INational Youth Tobacco Survey lapho ilinganisela ukuthi u-1.1% wabafundi basesikoleni esiphakathi namabanga aphezulu sebesebenzise lezi imikhiqizo. Ngo-2023, ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kwezikhwama ze-nicotine phakathi kwabafundi besikole esiphakathi nesesikoleni esiphakeme ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-1.5%. Njengoba ulwazi oluningi luvela, nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi ngale mikhiqizo.

Ingakanani i-nicotine esezikhwameni ze-nicotine zomlomo?

Ukugxiliswa kwe-Nicotine kuyahluka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesikhwama se-nicotine zomlomo. Isibonelo, e-United States i-Zyn ithengiswa ngo-3 no-6 mg, i-Velo ithengiswa ngo-2, 4, no-7 mg, kanye no-On! ithengiswa ngo-1.5, 2, 3.5, 4, no-8 mg, ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yomkhiqizo ngamunye. I-On entsha ka-Altria! umkhiqizo wesikhwama se-nicotine, obizwa ngokuthi On! Ngaphezu kwalokho, izonikeza amandla e-nicotine angu-6, 9, no-12mg.

Yimaphi ama-flavour izikhwama ze-nicotine ezingena kuwo?

Izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo ziza ngoxhaxha lwama-flavour alungele intsha, okuhlanganisa izithelo, iminti, nokunye okunambithekayo.

Ukutholakala kwama-flavour amnandi, anezithelo, nanjengoswidi kuyakhathaza ngoba, njengoba ugwayi we-e-based e-pod njenge-JUUL ubhekana nemikhawulo ye-federal flavour ekuphenduleni amazinga aphezulu okushisa kwentsha, abantu abasha bangase bashintshele kweminye imikhiqizo ye-nicotine esanikeza ama-flavour. Isibonelo, ama-e-cigarettes alahlwayo, ayekhululiwe ku- imikhawulo ethile ye-flavour ekhishwe yi-FDA ngoJanuwari 2020, ziye zanda ngokuthandwa. Ukuthengiswa kwe-e-cigarette ene-menthol-flavored, nawo akhululiwe, ithole ukwenyuka okukhulu, okusheshayo kokuthengisa nge ukwanda okucishe kufinyelele ezigidini ezingama-60 futhi isabelo sayo semakethe siphindwe kabili.

Ama-flavour adlala indima ebalulekile ekudonseleni intsha emikhiqizweni kagwayi - U-89% wabasebenzisi abasha be-e-cigarette bakhethe umkhiqizo onephunga elimnandi, ngokusho kwedatha ye-NYTS yango-2023.

Ilawulwa kanjani imikhiqizo ye-nicotine yomlomo?

Imikhiqizo ye-nicotine yomlomo, okwamanje, ayikalawulwa ngokuqinile njengeminye imikhiqizo kagwayi. I-FDA ibeka imithetho ethile kule mikhiqizo, okuhlanganisa nezimfuneko zokuthi abakhiqizi bathumele ulwazi oluthile ejensi, basebenzise amalebula okuxwayisa nge-nicotine, futhi bathobele imikhawulo ethile eyisisekelo yokuthengisa. Ayikho imithetho yenhlangano yamanje evimbela noma ekhawula ukuthengiswa kwezikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo, futhi imikhawulo yokuthengisa kule mikhiqizo ayiqinile njengaleyo etholakala emikhiqizweni kagwayi ovuthayo.

Iyini imiphumela yezempilo yezikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo?

Nakuba imiphumela ethile yezempilo yesikhathi eside yezikhwama ze-nicotine njenge-Zyn ingaziwa, ukusetshenziswa kwentsha kwe-nicotine nganoma iyiphi indlela akuphephile. Ukusetshenziswa kweNicotine ngesikhathi sokuthomba kungaphazamisa ukwakheka kweziyingi zobuchopho ezilawula ukunaka, ukufunda, kanye nokuba sengozini yokulutheka. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi iminyaka yokuqala yokusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine ihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kanye ne-nicotine yokuphila konke ukuncika. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Nicotine nakho kungaba ziqinise izimpawu zokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.

I-Truth Initiative inxusa kakhulu i-FDA ukuthi isuse yonke imikhiqizo ye-nicotine yomlomo engagunyaziwe emakethe, kuhlanganisa ne-Zyn. Ukuvimbela intsha ekusebenziseni le mikhiqizo, ukususa konke ukunambitheka emikhiqizweni kagwayi kubalulekile, njengoba kunjalo nokubeka imingcele yokunciphisa ukuchayeka ekukhangiseni.

Ukuyeka izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo

Ukuyeka izikhwama zomlomo ze-nicotine ezifana ne-Zyn kungaba inselele, futhi amazinga aphezulu e-nicotine ku-Zyn angaholela ekubeni umlutha we-nicotine. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, ungakwazi ukuyeka i-Zyn ngamasu afanayo asetshenziselwa ukuyeka eminye imikhiqizo ye-nicotine.

Funda mayelana nendlela yokuyeka i-Zyn nezinye izikhwama ze-nicotine zomlomo kusuka ku-EX, uhlelo olufakazelwe ukuthi lusebenza ngempumelelo lokuyeka ugwayi oluqondiswe futhi luxhaswe i-Truth Initiative.