Poyambira: Kuchokera ku fodya wakale mpaka m’matumba amakono opanda utsi
1. Mwambo wa fodya wotafuna ku Northern Europe
Kufotokozera nkhani kuyenera kuyambira ku Northern Europe. M'zaka za m'ma 1800, ogwira ntchito ku Sweden anayamba kutafuna fodya wamba (snus) - fodya wonyowa yemwe amaikidwa pansi pa mlomo wapamwamba ndipo osayatsidwa - kuti akhale maso pozizira. Njirayi imapewa moto wotseguka ndi utsi panthawi yosuta, komanso imalola kuti chikonga chikhale chotalika komanso chosalala.
2. Kusintha kukhala 'wopanda kusuta'
Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 1900, mayendedwe azaumoyo adawonekera, ndipo anthu ambiri amayembekeza kuchotsa phula ndi utsi m'masamba a fodya. Makampani opanga mankhwala akuyesera kupanga njira zina za chikonga monga kutafuna chingamu ndi zigamba, komabe sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za "mayanjano" ndi "mwambo". Chifukwa chake, opanga adatembenukiranso ku kusuntha ndi kubisika kwa Snus - nthawi ino, adafuna kuchotsa fodya ndikusiya chikonga ndi kukoma.
2, Chisinthiko: Kusintha Kwazinthu ndi Kulima Msika
1. Mayesero oyambirira a madzi (2000-2015)
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, opanga ochepa ang'onoang'ono a ku Ulaya adayambitsa "matumba a chikonga", omwe anali ndi mchere wa nicotine, ulusi wa zomera, ndi zokometsera. Ngakhale lingalirolo ndilakale, silinatchulidwe kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kumodzi komanso kutulutsidwa kwa chikonga chosiyana.
2. Kulowa kwakukulu ndi kukweza fomula (2015-2019)
Cha m'chaka cha 2015, makampani akuluakulu a fodya ku Sweden, monga Swedish Match, anakonza njira zawo pokonza pH mtengo kuti chikonga chitulutse bwino; Yambitsani gawo lapansi la matabwa ndi kukoma kwabwino; Ndipo kupanga zokometsera zosiyanasiyana monga timbewu tonunkhira, zipatso, khofi, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi yomweyo, anayamba kulankhulana ndi mabungwe olamulira ku Ulaya ndi ku North America kuti atsegule njira yolembera malamulo.
3, Kukula kwakukulu pambuyo pa 2020: Madalaivala anayi akuluakulu 1. Kuwongolera fodya ndi kukakamizidwa kwaumoyo wa anthu Misika ingapo padziko lonse lapansi idakhwimitsa malamulo okhudza kuwotcha fodya cha m'ma 2020- kukweza misonkho, kuletsa kusuta m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, komanso kukweza machenjezo onyamula katundu. Mosiyana ndi izi, mapaketi a chikonga amatengedwa ngati "zochepetsa zowononga" ndi mayiko ena chifukwa cha "zopanda utsi" komanso "zopanda phula", ndipo alandila malamulo odekha.
2. Kudziwitsa za thanzi ndi kukweza kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito
Ogula ochulukirachulukira akufuna kuchotsa zotsatira zoyipa za utsi wa fodya m'mapapu awo ndi omwe ali pafupi nawo, koma sangathe kuchita popanda chikonga. Thumba la chikonga limalinganiza kufunikira kwa "kuyesa kuleka kusuta" ndi kufunikira kwa "chikonga chamagulu" - ilibe fungo la utsi, palibe utsi wa fodya, ndipo ndi yosavuta kunyamula.3. Njira ndi Kugawa Kwachuma kwa Makampani Akuluakulu
Zimphona zazikulu za fodya monga British American Tobacco BAT ndi Philip Morris PMI adayikapo ndalama zawo kapena adayambitsa mitundu yawoyawo (monga ZYN, VELO). Amagwiritsa ntchito maukonde awo ogawa padziko lonse lapansi komanso bajeti yotsatsa kuti afalitse malonda awo m'masitolo osavuta, e-commerce, ndi media media.