Imvelaphi: Ukusuka kwicuba lakudala ukuya kwiipokotho zanamhlanje ezingenamsi
1. Isithethe secuba elihlafunwayo kuMntla Yurophu
Ukubaliswa kwamabali kufuneka kuqale kuMntla Yurophu. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, abasebenzi baseSweden baqalisa ukuhlafuna icuba lasekuhlaleni (i-snus) - imveliso yecuba emanzi eyayibekwe phantsi komlebe ongasentla kwaye ingatshiswa - ukuze bahlale bephaphile kubanda. Le ndlela ithintela amadangatye avulekileyo kunye nomsi ngexesha lokutshaya, kwaye ivumela ukukhutshwa kwexesha elide kunye ne-nicotine.
2. Ukutshintshela 'kungatshayi'
Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20, iintshukumo zempilo yoluntu zavela, kwaye abantu abaninzi babenethemba lokususa itela kunye nomsi kumagqabi ecuba. Iinkampani ezixuba amayeza zizama ukuphuhlisa ezinye iindlela zenikotini ezifana netshungama kunye neziziba, kodwa azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno "zoluntu" kunye "nomsitho". Ngoko ke, abaphuhlisi baphendulela ingqalelo yabo kwi-portability kunye nokufihla i-Snus - ngeli xesha, bafuna ukususa icuba kwaye bashiye i-nicotine kunye nokunambitha.
I-2, i-Evolution: iMveliso yoTshintsho kunye nokuLima kweMarike
1. Izilingo zamanzi zakwangoko (2000-2015)
Ekuqaleni koo-2000, abavelisi abambalwa abancinci baseYurophu baphehlelela ibhetshi yokuqala "yeengxowa zenikotini", eziqulathe iityuwa zenicotine, imicu yezityalo, kunye neziqholo. Nangona le ngcamango iyinoveli, ayizange yaziwe ngokubanzi ngenxa yencasa yayo enye kunye nokukhutshwa kwenikotini engalinganiyo.
2. Ukungena kwesikali esikhulu kunye nokuphuculwa kwefomula (2015-2019)
Malunga ne-2015, iinkampani ezinkulu zecuba eSweden, ezifana neSweden Match, ziphucule iifomyula zazo ngokulungisa ixabiso le-pH ukwenza ukukhutshwa kwe-nicotine kube lula; Yazisa i-fiber substrate yomthi enencasa engcono; Kwaye baphuhlise iincasa ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-mint, iziqhamo, ikofu, njl. Kwangaxeshanye, baqalisa ukunxibelelana nee-arhente zolawulo eYurophu nakuMntla Merika ukuze bavule indlela yoluhlu olusemthethweni.
3, Ukukhula okuqhumayo emva ko-2020: Abaqhubi abane abakhulu 1. Ulawulo lwecuba kunye noxinzelelo lwempilo yoluntu Iimarike ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele ziye zayiqinisa imithetho yokutshiswa kwecuba malunga no-2020- ukunyusa irhafu, ukuvalwa kokutshaya kwiindawo zikawonkewonke, kunye nokuphuculwa kwezilumkiso zokupakisha. Ngokwahlukileyo, iipakethe zenikotini zithathwa ngokuba "ziimveliso zokunciphisa ingozi" ngamanye amazwe ngenxa yendalo "engatshayiyo" kunye ne "tar free", kwaye ifumene ummiselo ophumlileyo.
2. Ukwazisa ngezempilo kunye nokuphuculwa kosetyenziso
Abathengi abaninzi ngakumbi bafuna ukulahla imiphumo eyingozi yomsi wecuba kwimiphunga yabo kunye nalabo ababangqongileyo, kodwa abanako ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-nicotine. Isingxobo senikotini silungelelanisa imfuno "yokuyeka ukuzama ukutshaya" kunye nemfuno "ye-nicotine yentlalontle" - ayinavumba lomsi, ayinamsi wecuba, kwaye kulula ukuyiphatha.3. Imijelo kunye noLwabiwo lweNkunzi lweeNkampani ezinkulu
Izigebenga ezinkulu zecuba ezifana neBritish American Tobacco BAT kunye noPhilip Morris PMI batyale imali okanye basungula ezabo iimpawu (umz. ZYN, VELO). Basebenzisa inethiwekhi yabo yokusasazwa kwehlabathi kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuthengisa ngokukhawuleza ukusasaza iimveliso zabo kwiivenkile eziluncedo, i-e-commerce, kunye nemidiya yoluntu.