Kodi Kusuta Ndikodi “Chizolowezi Choipa”? - Kuvumbulutsa Sayansi Kumbuyo Kwake

Pamene anthu amva mawu "Addiction", ambiri nthawi yomweyo amaganiza za osuta, zidakwa, omwerekera pa intaneti, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuti munthu akangotchulidwa kuti "woledzera," amatanthauza kuwonongeka, kutaya mphamvu, ndi kuwonongeka.

Koma malinga ndi momwe asayansi amaonera, kumwerekera sikungokhala mawu ofanana ndi mawu akuti "mphamvu yofooka." Ndi, kwenikweni, gawo la machitidwe a ubongo wa munthu.
Lero, tiyeni tifufuze zinsinsi zomwe zimayambitsa chizolowezi choledzeretsa kuchokera pamalingaliro atatu: sayansi yaubongo, kuyang'ana pagulu, ndi chikonga ngati phunziro lachiwonetsero.

1. N’cifukwa Ciani Ubongo “Umazolowera”? - Dopamine Mphotho System

Ubongo waumunthu uli ndi "dongosolo la mphotho" lachilengedwe, lolamulidwa ndi dopamine.

Mukadya chokoleti, kukwaniritsa cholinga, kapena kulandira chitamando, ubongo wanu umatulutsa dopamine, kutumiza uthenga: “Chabwino, tiyeni tichitenso!”

Dongosololi lidapangidwa kuti lithandizire kupulumuka, kuwonetsetsa kuti timakonda kuchita zinthu zomwe zimatipindulitsa:

● Kudya (kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu)

● Kucheza (kuonetsetsa kuti pali mgwirizano)

● Kufufuza (kuti mudziwe zambiri)

Vuto ndilokuti zinthu zina kapena makhalidwe angathe kulandadongosolo ili. Chikonga, mowa, cocaine, njuga, ndi masewera a pa intaneti zonse zimatha kuyambitsa kutulutsa kwa dopamine, kupitilira zomwe zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku zimapereka.
Chotsatira? Ubongo umayamba kukhulupirira: "Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kuposa kudya."Apa ndi pamene chizoloŵezi chimayamba.

Umboni Wasayansi:
Kafukufuku wochokera ku National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)zikuwonetsa kuti zinthu zoledzeretsa zimatha kukulitsa milingo ya dopamine muubongo mwa 150-300%, pomwe mphotho zachilengedwe (monga chakudya kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi) nthawi zambiri zimangowonjezera 50% -100%.

2. Kuledzera Si "Kupanda Chiyembekezo" - The Brain's Plasticity

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kumwerekera kuli ngati kugwera m’dzenje lopanda phompho. Osati zoona.
Neuroscience yawonetsa kuti ubongo uli nawo pulasitiki wapamwamba.

Ndi kulowerera koyenera, gawo la mphotho laubongo litha "kukonzanso":

● Thandizo la mankhwala: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT), mankhwala a methadone - zoloŵa m'malo mofatsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kudalira.

● Njira zina zamakhalidwe: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusinkhasinkha, kapena nyimbo - njira zabwino zoperekera "dopamine yabwino."

● Kuthandizira m'maganizo: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), kuthandiza odwala kuzindikira ndi kuthana ndi zilakolako.

Zothandizira data:

● Malinga ndi a WHOlipoti, njira zasayansi zothandizira pa 70% ya anthu omwe amadalira chikongakuchepetsa kwambiri mkati mwa miyezi 6-12.

● Phunziro mu The Lancetadapeza kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumawonjezera kusiya mitengo 30% -50%.

3. Kodi Kuledzera N'koipa Nthawi Zonse?

Nthawi zambiri timalongosola kuledzera ngati "chiwanda," koma kuchokera ku chisinthiko, kuledzera ndi njira inanso yolimbikitsira anthu.

● Chizoloŵezi chochita masewero olimbitsa thupi: Anthu ena amathamanga marathon kapena amakhala kumalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi - ubongo wangosintha "chizoloŵezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo" ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.

● Kuphunzira kuledzera: Asayansi ndi akatswiri ena amatengeka ndi kafukufuku, zomwe zimapangitsa kupita patsogolo kwa chidziwitso.

● Kusokoneza bongo: Ojambula nthawi zambiri amalowa "mkhalidwe wothamanga" pamene akupanga - chikhalidwe chofanana ndi machitidwe osokoneza bongo.

Kusuta sikungokhala kwakuda kapena koyera. Chinsinsi chagona zomwe munthu amazolowera.
Ngati ndi mankhwala kapena fodya, zimawononga thanzi; ngati ndi kuphunzira kapena masewera, izo zikhoza kusandulika kukhala mphamvu yoyendetsa bwino.

4. Kodi Tingaphunzire Chiyani pa Nkhani ya Kusuta?

● Kuledzera si kulephera kwa makhalidwe: Ndi zotsatira za momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito ndi chilengedwe chake.

● Njira zothandizira asayansi ndizothandiza: Kuphatikiza njira zamankhwala, zamaganizidwe, ndi machitidwe kumatha kuchepetsa kudalira.

● Anthu amafunikira malamulo omveka bwino: Osachita ziwanda kapena kuchita zinthu zosokoneza - sayansi ndi mfundo ziyenera kuyendera limodzi chifukwa cha unyamata komanso thanzi la anthu.

Mapeto

Kuledzera pakokha sikuwopsa. Chomwe chimachititsa mantha ndi kukondera komanso zolemba zomwe zimawonetsa ziwanda.
Sayansi imati: kuledzera kumatha kumveka, ndipo kumatha kuwongolera.

Mwina m’tsogolo tikadzakamba za “kusokoneza bongo,” sitidzangoganizira za fodya kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma za mmene tingachitire. sinthani chilimbikitso chamunthu ichi kukhala mphamvu yomwe imalimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwaumoyo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu.