E-fodya yakakurumbira, nei snus ichiri kuwedzera nekukurumidza muUnited States?

United States ndiyo nyika ine kudiwa kwefodya zvakanyanya pasi rose uye zvakare ndiyo inonyanya kutengesa fodya ye-e-cigarette kuChina. Zvinoenderana neyechitatu-bato data, iyo US e-fodya musika saizi ichave ingangoita US $ 8.3 bhiriyoni muna 2023, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe8.7%. Kambani yedata statistics yeStatista inofungidzira kuti musika wefodya wekuAmerica uchasvika US$107.5 bhiriyoni muna 2024, apo musika we e-fodya uchasvika US$8.8 bhiriyoni.

Kunyange zvazvo e-fodya iri kukura nokukurumidza muUnited States, chikakananda (kana kuti snus) chiri kukurawo nokukurumidza muUnited States, uye chiri kukura nokukurumidza kupfuura e-fodya! Dhata kubva kuUS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) muna 2021 inoratidza kuti kubva mabhegi e nicotine snus akatangwa zviri pamutemo mumusika weUS muna 2016, kutengesa kwavo kwakawedzera ka300 mumakore mashanu.

Swedish Match AB ndiye mutengesi mukuru wepasi rose wesnus, ane mhando dzemhando yepamusoro uye dzinotengeswa zvakanyanya seGeneral neZYN. Muna Mbudzi 2022, Philip Morris International wekuUnited States akawana Swedish Match Company yeUS$16 bhiriyoni. Chikonzero chikuru chaive chekuti yakaona kukura kweiyo nicotine muromo bag brand ZYN.

Muna Kukadzi 2024, Philip Morris International yakashuma kuti nhamba yeZYN yakatengeswa muUnited States muna 2023 yakasvika anenge mamiriyoni 385 makani, gore negore kuwedzera kwe62%; chikamu chemusika chaive chinopfuura 70%. Kuita kwebhizinesi kunotarisirwa kuve nani muna 2024, nekutengesa kuUnited States kunosvika 520 miriyoni makani.

Muna Kubvumbi 2024, Nielsen data yakaratidza kuti kutengesa kwefodya muUnited States kwakaderera ne14.1% gore negore, uye kutengeswa kwechikafu chechikafu chechikafu cheZYN chakakwira ne80% gore negore.

Muna Chivabvu 2024, Bloomberg yakashuma kuti ZYN nicotine snus pouches (suscus) yakanga isipo muzvitoro zvakawanda mumatunhu akasiyana muUnited States, uye vatengesi muNew Jersey neFlorida vakatiwo zvakanga zvakaoma kuwana chigadzirwa.

Sekureva kwemushumo wakaitwa nemusika wekutsvagisa uye femu yekubvunza, musika wepasi rose wesnus unotarisirwa kusvika madhora zviuru makumi maviri nezvitatu nemazana matanhatu emadhora panosvika 2030, kuchengetedza huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hwe35.8% panguva iyoyo.

Saka, e-fodya yakakurumbira muUnited States, nei snus ichiri kuwedzera nokukurumidza muUnited States? Mushure mekutsvakurudza uye kuongorora, zvinotendwa kuti pane zvikonzero zvitatu zvikuru:

1. Kuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemabhegi echikakananda

Snus, inozivikanwawo se "nicotine bag", "nicotine snus bag" uye "lip smoke", chikamu chakakosha chezvigadzirwa zvisina utsi uye zvakabva kune snus.

MuSweden, snus inonzi "SNUS". Muna 1637, izwi rekuti "SNUS" rakaonekwa kekutanga muzvinyorwa zvepamutemo zveSweden. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi18, Sweden yakatanga kurima fodya pamwero mukuru, ichiisa hwaro hwekubuda uye kuumbwa kwesnus.

Mumazuva ekutanga, snus yaitengeswa yakawanda mumabhokisi maduku. Pakudyiwa, yaikungurutswa kuita bhora diki roiswa pakati pemuromo wepamusoro nemazamu, izvo zvaingosvibisa mukanwa. Gare gare yakagadziridzwa ikava bag.

Mushure memakore ekuma1970, mabhegi akavandudzwa akave akakurumbira, achishandisa zvinhu zvinopinda mwando senge machira asiri akarukwa kuputira hupfu hwefodya hwakagadzirwa mumabhegi madiki. Nzira yekushandisa yakafanana, asi inogadzirisa matambudziko echinyakare snus inosvibisa muromo uye inononoka kuburitswa kwechikakananda. Iyo ine zvakare zvakanakira kuve nyore kutakura uye kuchengeta. Kuridza ngonono ndiyo yava nzira yakakurumbira yechigadzirwa chefodya.

Musiyano mukuru pakati pehomwe nyowani dzechikakananda nedzechinyakare snus ndewekuti dzine zvinhu zvefodya here. Bhegi idzva rechikakananda harina zvekuisa fodya. Iko kunobva nicotine ndeyekugadzira nicotine, uye nicotine inotorwa nekukurumidza kuburikidza nemumukanwa mucosa neropa. Icho chikakananda chitsva. Zvinoenderana nehunyoro hwakasiyana hwehunyoro, hwakakamurwa kuva marudzi matatu: yakaoma nzira, semi-yakaoma uye semi-inonyorova nzira, uye yemvura nzira.

Mabhegi eNicotine anogamuchirwa nemusika weUS anowanzo kuoma uye ndeemhando ye "dry method". Hunyoro hwemukati huri pakati pe4% ne6%, kuravira kunotapira, iyo yekuburitsa curve inokwira zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kusimba kwakasimba.

Semuenzaniso, brand ZYN, inova mambo wemusika webhegi renicotine muUnited States, yakagadzirwa mukutanga kwe2010s ne biochemist Mattias Sharpe-Sjöberg naLinus Mealey weSweden Match. Chigadzirwa chacho chakatanga kuedzwa mumusika muUnited States muna 2014.

Muna 2016, yakawedzera zvakanyanya kushambadzira kwayo, zvichiita kuti ZYN iwanikwe muzvitoro zvinopfuura zviuru zvina kumadokero kweUnited States. Iwo maflavour akaunzwa anosanganisira wintergreen, spearmint, cool mint, citrus, peppermint, sinamoni, kofi, menthol uye mamwe maflavour, ayo akachinjirwa kune zvimiro zvefodya yakaoma uye ari padyo nemusika, nekudaro kubudirira kukuru muUnited States.

2. Yakabatana nekudzora fodya yakasimba

Nekuvandudzwa kwekuziva nezvehutano hwepasirese, e-fodya, sezvigadzirwa zvekuderedza kukuvadza kwefodya, haina zvinhu zvine chepfu uye zvinokuvadza senge tar uye kabhoni monoxide. Izvo zvakare zvine fashoni, zviri nyore kutakura, uye zvine zvinonaka zvakasiyana, uye zvinogamuchirwa nevechiduku vakawanda. .

Muna 2007, e-fodya yakagadzirwa kuChina yakatanga kutumirwa kuUnited States uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakave yakakurumbira muUnited States. Sezvo US FDA yakarasikirwa nemhosva yekurambidza kutengeswa kwefodya muna 2011, musika we-e-cigarette weUS wakapinda munguva yekukura nekukurumidza.

Nemukurumbira wefodya muUnited States, muna 2016, hurumende yeUS yakapasisa "Tobacco Products Control Act" uye yakawedzera masimba eFDA kuti asanganise maelectronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) anosangana netsanangudzo yezvigadzirwa zvefodya, kusanganisira e-fodya.

Nekuda kwemhute uye kunhuhwirira kunogadzirwa kana uchishandisa e-fodya, zvinokanganisa vamwe. Hurumende dzenyika dzeUS dzakawedzerawo kuedza kwekudzora kuputa munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzemukati uye dzakasanganisira e-fodya muchikamu chekudzora kuputa. Somuenzaniso, munaOctober 2017, Gavhuna weNew York State Andrew Cuomo akasaina bhiri, izvo zvinoreva kuti munzvimbo dzose dzepachena dzomukati dzakadai seresitorendi nemabhawa, kwete chete kuti "kwete" kune fodya, asiwo "kwete" kune e-fodya .

Kubva muna 2024, nyika dzinopfuura gumi neshanu muUnited States dzakapfuura mitemo yemhepo isina utsi yemukati, kusanganisira e-fodya, kurambidza kusvuta mumba uye kushandisa e-fodya munzvimbo dzebasa dzakavanzika, maresitorendi, uye mabhawa.

Zvichienzaniswa nefodya yechinyakare uye e-fodya, zvikwama zvechikakananda hazvidi kubatidzwa kana kubhadhariswa; uye hapana aerosols kubva kufodya inopfuta uye e-fodya. Inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana uye inogona zvakare kushandiswa munzvimbo dzisingapute veruzhinji dzakadai senhandare dzendege, zvitima zvinomhanya zvakanyanya, uye misangano nekudzidziswa. Iine kuvanzika kwakasimba uye haizotadzisa vamwe, uye inofarirwa nevatengi vakawanda.

Nzvimbo gumi dzepamusoro dzinodya mabhegi echikakananda muUnited States ndeaya: California, Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, Washington, Colorado, Oregon, Ohio, North Carolina neNew York. Mazhinji ematunhu aya anorambidzawo e-fodya munzvimbo dzemukati dzeveruzhinji. California neNew York zvakare inorambidza kutengeswa kwese-e-fodya yefodya kunze kwekunaka kwefodya. San Francisco, California, kunyanya, raive guta rekutanga muUnited States kurambidza zvachose kutengesa e-fodya.

3. E-fodya inoraswa inobatanidzwa zvakakomba

Mumakore achangopfuura, e-fodya inoraswa yave chigadzirwa chikuru pamusika. Zvinoenderana nedata reUS CDC, e-fodya inoraswa ichaverengera ingangoita 60% yeUS e-fodya inotumirwa pamusika muna 2023.

E-fodya inoraswa haina kunetsa kugadzira. Mushure mekuraswa e-fodya yaputika mukuzivikanwa muna 2020, vagadziri vakuru vakatevedzera. Kubva pakupihwa pfupi kusvika pakuwandisa kwakakomba, machanera aita homogenized uye zvigadzirwa zvave zvakasara.

Kubva kudivi rekutengesa, mhinduro yemusika inoratidza kuti e-cigarettes mumisika mikuru yakadai seUnited States neUnited Kingdom, kubva kune vatengesi vakuru kusvika kuzvitoro zvezvitoro, iye zvino vane nhamba yakawanda yezvinyorwa zvisingagoni kutengeswa, uye nhamba yacho yakakura zvikuru kupfuura zvinodiwa.

Pakutanga, mabhegi e nicotine aive nenzvimbo chaiyo uye vanhu muUnited States. Zvisinei, sezvo kudzvinyirirwa kwemitemo yefodya ye-e-fodya yakawedzera uye misika yakawedzera kubatwa, vatengesi ve-e-cigarette vekuAmerica vakatsvaga zvimwe zvitsva zvechigadzirwa, izvo zvakakurudzira kuuya kwemabhegi e-nicotine uye zvakawedzera kukurudzira kukurumbira kwemasaga echikakananda. Kukura kweAmerica.
Sekureva kwevari mukati meindasitiri, zvigadzirwa zvenicotine bag brand ZYN zvakagoverwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekutengesa senge magasi, zvitoro zviri nyore, zvitoro zvefodya, uye e-fodya zvitoro.

Kwete chete zvitoro zvinotengesa e-fodya zvatanga kutengesa nicotine mouth pouches, asiwo e-cigarette brands yakatanga nicotine mouth pouch brands. Semuyenzaniso, Musoro weJuice ZTN mutsetse wechikafu webhegi wakatangwa neAmerican e-cigarette brand Juice Head. Iyo brand yakatanga ne-e-liquid uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakawedzera kusvika kune inoraswa e-fodya nemabhegi nicotine. Kubva payakatangwa muna 2023, kutengeswa kwezvigadzirwa zvebhegi renicotine zvakapfuura zvinotarisirwa, kunyanya mumusika weUS.

Aya matatu mapeji akanyorwa pamusoro apa ndiwo zvikonzero zvikuru zvekukurumidza kusimuka kwe snus muUnited States, asi hazvisi zvikonzero zvese. Ehe, panofanira kunge paine zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekukurumidza kusimuka kwe snus muUnited States.

Pamusoro pePhilip Morris International, mamwe makambani efodya epasi rose akaita seAltria, British American Tobacco, neJapan Tobacco akatumirawo mitsetse yechigadzirwa chenicotine mouth bag, zvichiratidza budiriro huru yechigadzirwa ichi.

Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti njodzi yekushandisa chikakananda pouches yakadzikira pane yezvigadzirwa zvakaita seatomize e-fodya neHNB, uye inotonyanya kuenzana nefodya yechinyakare. Munyika huru umo e-fodya yakakurumbira, mabhegi e nicotine ari munzvimbo yekutonga uye akasununguka kupfuura e-cigarettes nefodya yechinyakare.