Izikhwama ze-Nicotine zikhuphuka, futhi ukulawulwa komkhiqizo kuyakhuphuka - kusuka ku-niche kuya kokudumile

Isikhwama seNicotine VS Ugwayi waseSweden

Ugwayi womlomo wase-Swidi ungugwayi odluliselwa ngomlomo osuvele ukhona iminyaka engu-200. Amaphakethe eNicotine angumkhiqizo ofanayo, kodwa anemfashini futhi ahlanzekile. Zizimele zodwa njengentuthu yomlomo. Abathengi babeka isikhwama se-nicotine phakathi kwezindebe zabo ezingenhla nezinsini, ngemva kwalokho i-nicotine ikhishwe. Ugwayi kanye namaphakethe e-nicotine aseSweden yimikhiqizo elahlwayo. Ngokungafani nosikilidi base-Swedish, amaphakethe e-nicotine awanawo ugwayi - ayizikhwama ezincane, ezimhlophe ezifakwe kuqala ngezinto ze-nicotine zebanga lokudla. Umkhiqizo utholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zokugxila kwe-nicotine nama-flavour.

Kungumkhiqizo we-niche emakethe ye-niche okhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuhlaziywa okushicilelwe yi-360 Market Updates kulinganisela ukuthi usayizi wamanje wemakethe yesikhwama se-nicotine cishe u-$ 619.9 wezigidi, futhi le makethe izofinyelela ku-$ 12.97 billion ngo-2026. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imakethe yezikhwama ze-nicotine izokhula ngezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe lika-53.8%.

Lo mkhiqizo ovelayo uye wamukelwa ngokushesha ngabathengi eScandinavia naseCentral naseMpumalanga Yurophu.

ISweden inezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokubhenywa kukagwayi e-European Union, abaningi abakholelwa ukuthi libangelwa ukwanda kokubhema ngomlomo ezweni.

Kusukela ngo-1992, kube nokuvinjelwa kwe-EU-wide ekuthengisweni kukagwayi emlonyeni (iSweden yaxoxisana ngokukhululwa lapho ijoyina i-EU ngo-1995). ISwitzerland, engelona ilungu le-European Union, nayo isiyekile umthetho owawuvimbela ukubhema.

Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani zikagwayi zezizwe eziningi ziye zafaka ugwayi odluliselwa ngomlomo ezimisweni zemikhiqizo yazo, ngokuthola imikhiqizo ekhona noma ngokusungula eyazo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, baphinde bangena emakethe yezikhwama ze-nicotine. Kuze kube manje, zonke izinkampani zikagwayi ezihamba phambili emhlabeni sezikhona kule ndawo, futhi amaphakethe e-nicotine njengoba ugwayi omusha ophuzwayo usuqalile ukudla emakethe kagwayi ovamile ophuzwayo.

Ukuncintisana kuyashisa

Imakethe yezikhwama ze-nicotine isiye yancintisana kakhulu, abakhiqizi abaziwayo bakhulisa amandla okukhiqiza "imikhiqizo yomlomo wabo wesimanje."

Umncintiswano uqale ngesikhathi iSweden Match yethula uhlobo lweZyn. I-Swedish Match ingumkhiqizi omkhulu womhlaba kagwayi ophathwayo futhi inesikhundla esibalulekile emakethe yemikhiqizo engenantuthu yase-US.

Uhlobo lwe-Zyn lukhule ngokushesha futhi ludlale indima ebalulekile ekuthengiseni okungenantuthu e-United States kusukela ngo-2019. Kwikota yokuqala ka-2020 kuphela, i-Swedish Match ithengise cishe amathini ayizigidi ezingu-70 wamaphakethe e-Zyn nicotine e-United States, uma kuqhathaniswa namakani ayizigidi ezingu-18 kuphela athengiswe ngesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2019. (FDA).

Isidingo samaphakethe e-Zyn nicotine besinamandla kangangokuthi i-Swedish Match yamemezela kabili ukuthi izokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo e-United States. Lapho kuqedwa ukunwetshwa, umphumela wawo wonyaka uzodlula amathini ayizigidi ezingu-200.

Izimbangi ze-Swedish Match nazo azizange zisebenze. Ngemva kokuthola u-80% wamasheya womhlaba wonke we-Burger Soehne, i-Altria Group yaba yi-On! Umnikazi wesikhwama se-nicotine brand. I-Altria Group izophinde isabalalise i-On! Umkhiqizo. Vuliwe! Okwamanje iyatholakala ezitolo e-United States, Canada, Sweden nase-Japan, kanye nasesitolo se-inthanethi se-Altria Group. Iza ngama-flavour ayisikhombisa kanye nokugxila kwe-nicotine okuhlanu okuhlukile ongakhetha kukho.

Umkhiqizo omele i-British American Tobacco emakethe yezikhwama ze-nicotine "isibhamu". Lo mkhiqizo utholakala e-UK, eSweden naseKenya. Ngokuzayo, i-BAT futhi ihlela ukusebenzisa i-"Willow" njengegama lomkhiqizo ukuze imakethe yonke imikhiqizo yayo emisha kagwayi odluliselwa ngomlomo - i-Reynolds American Limited, iyunithi kagwayi yaseBrithani American, ibisebenzisa leli gama ukuze idayise amaphakethe ayo e-nicotine kusukela ngoJuni 2019.

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo, i-BAT yavula isitshalo esisha sesikhwama se-nicotine e-Hungary ngo-September 2020, ihlose ukukhulisa umthamo wayo wokukhiqiza isikhwama se-nicotine ibe amaphakethe angaphezu kwebhiliyoni elingu-1 ngalowo nyaka, isibalo okufanele sikhule ngokuqhubekayo ngo-2021. Imikhiqizo yalesi sitshalo ikakhulukazi eyemakethe yaseYurophu.

NgoJuni 2019, uNikki International naye wajoyina lo mjaho, nomkhiqizo wawo omkhulu othi "Nordic Spirits". Ithuthukiswe eSweden futhi itholakala eSwitzerland, eSweden kanye naku-inthanethi, iphakethe le-nicotine litholakala ngama-flavour amane.

I-Imperial Brands inezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo emakethe kagwayi omusha womlomo, okuhlanganisa nephakethe le-nicotine le-Pablo, elibizwa ngephakethe le-nicotine "elinamandla" emakethe ngoba liqukethe amamiligremu angu-50 e-nicotine ngegremu. Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ezintsha zemikhiqizo kagwayi womlomo iqukethe phakathi kuka-2 mg no-24 mg we-nicotine ngegremu.

Ukugada akukho

E-United States, amaphekhi e-nicotine angenayo ugwayi adingeka ukuthi abe "Lo mkhiqizo uqukethe i-nicotine." "I-Nicotine iyikhemikhali eluthayo," ilebula yesixwayiso ithi, futhi amaphakethe amaningi e-nicotine athengiswa kuphela kubathengi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-21. Imboni yezikhwama ze-nicotine inezithiyo eziphansi zokungena kuneminye imikhiqizo kagwayi, kodwa lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo nalo ludinga ukulawulwa yi-FDA. Ngokuphambene, imakethe yezikhwama ze-nicotine e-European Union okwamanje isebenza endaweni engenalutho yokulawula. Imikhiqizo engenawo ugwayi ayilawulwa yi-EU's Tobacco Products Directive (TPD2) futhi ayiweli ngaphansi kwanoma yisiphi esinye isigaba esilawulwayo. Ngokungafani nemikhiqizo kagwayi, ingakhangiswa ngomabonakude, umsakazo namabhodi okukhangisa.

UChristopher Fjellner wayeyiLungu lePhalamende laseYurophu kusukela ngo-2004 kuya ku-2019. Ubikezela ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, zonke izimakethe ezibalulekile zizokwamukela izinqubomgomo ezintsha zokulawula. Umbiko awuthumele ngo-Ephreli 2020 uthe iSweden neNorway kungenzeka kube ngamazwe okuqala ukwenza imithetho ngezikhwama ze-nicotine, futhi ukunyakaza kwabo kungaba nomthelela emthethweni kwamanye amazwe ase-Europe. Njengamanje, iSweden inqume ukuthi amaphakethe e-nicotine awakona ukudla futhi awabeke emakethe ngokusebenzisa amalayisense angaqondile ngalesi sisekelo.

ISweden isivele iqalile ukuchaza nokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo yezikhwama ze-nicotine: uhulumeni unikeze ukhomishana okhethekile umsebenzi wokudweba imithetho emisha. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Austrian Chemicals Authority ibhekise kumthetho we-European Union wokuhlukaniswa, ukulebula nokupakisha ukuze idinge yonke imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine ukuthi ithwale isexwayiso sezempilo.

Ngokusho kukaFegenal, iWorld Health Organization ayizange iyicabangele indaba yezikhwama ze-nicotine. Ulindele ukuthi umhlahlandlela weKhomishini YaseYurophu ngemikhiqizo yephakethe ye-nicotine uzofakwa embikweni wokusetshenziswa Kwesichibiyelo Sesithathu Sesiyalelo Semikhiqizo Kagwayi, esizoshicilelwa ngoMeyi 2021.

Wathi: "Indlela i-EU elawula ngayo imikhiqizo yesikhwama se-nicotine ithonywa okungenani izici ezintathu. Ingabe amazwe angamalungu e-EU azoba nezinsolo futhi acele ukuvinjelwa komkhiqizo? Ingabe imithetho ekhona yomkhiqizo noma ukuvinjelwa kwezwe emazweni angamaLungu ngamanye kungqubuzana nomthetho omusha we-EU? Ingabe kukhona ukuzimisela okwanele phakathi kwabathengi bamaphakethe e-nicotine kanye nomphakathi jikelele ikakhulukazi emazweni angamalungu ukuphoqa imithetho emisha evimbelayo noma ukuvinjelwa?"

Leso sici sokugcina, u-Fegenal wanezela, yingakho ugwayi we-elekthronikhi ungazange uvinjelwe e-European Union ngaphambili. Indlela i-EU elawula ngayo ugwayi we-elekthronikhi ngo-2014 kungenzeka ukuthi ithinte indlela elawula ngayo imikhiqizo yezikhwama ze-nicotine, okungukuthi, ukugxila ezinyathelweni ezifana nezixwayiso zokunyathelisa kanye nokukhawulela inani eliphezulu le-nicotine elisetshenzisiwe.